Hi, I experimented with voxelised Hoffman brain phantom as shown in the Gate examples and plug in the voxelized source and phantom in PET_Ecat_System.mac. I implemented the simulation for 3600 s as in order to produce many counts in the image. My macro file as as below and the reconstructed image using STIR (3D sinogram) is shown in AMIDE as below: However it seems that the image is noisy and has insufficient counts. How can I improve this? To be truth, I am not very sure about the setting of /gate/application/setTimeSlice 3600 s /gate/application/setTimeStart 0 s /gate/application/setTimeStop 3600 s does it mean with longer simulation the more counts we have in GATE? Thank you in advance for any advices. Siti Malaysia #===================================================== # VISUALISATION #===================================================== #/vis/disable #/vis/open OGLSX #/vis/viewer/set/viewpointThetaPhi 60 60 #/vis/viewer/zoom 6.0 #/vis/drawVolume #/tracking/storeTrajectory 1 #/vis/scene/add/trajectories #/vis/scene/endOfEventAction accumulate /control/execute Verbose.mac #===================================================== # GEOMETRY #===================================================== /gate/geometry/setMaterialDatabase ../../GateMaterials.db # # W O R L D # /gate/world/geometry/setXLength 400. cm /gate/world/geometry/setYLength 400. cm /gate/world/geometry/setZLength 400. cm #-------------------oooooOOOOO00000OOOOOooooo---------------------# # # # D E F I N I T I O N A N D D E S C R I T I O N # # O F Y O U R P E T D E V I C E # # # #-------------------oooooOOOOO00000OOOOOooooo---------------------# # E C A T /gate/world/daughters/name ecat /gate/world/daughters/insert cylinder /gate/ecat/setMaterial Air /gate/ecat/geometry/setRmax 44.2 cm /gate/ecat/geometry/setRmin 41.2 cm /gate/ecat/geometry/setHeight 15.52 cm #ate/ecat/setTranslation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 cm /gate/ecat/vis/forceWireframe # B L O C K /gate/ecat/daughters/name block /gate/ecat/daughters/insert box /gate/block/placement/setTranslation 427.0 0.0 0.0 mm /gate/block/geometry/setXLength 30.0 mm /gate/block/geometry/setYLength 35.8594 mm /gate/block/geometry/setZLength 38.7 mm /gate/block/setMaterial Air /gate/block/vis/forceWireframe # C R Y S T A L /gate/block/daughters/name crystal /gate/block/daughters/insert box #ate/ecat/setTranslation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 cm /gate/crystal/geometry/setXLength 30.0 mm /gate/crystal/geometry/setYLength 4.4 mm /gate/crystal/geometry/setZLength 4.75 mm /gate/crystal/setMaterial BGO /gate/crystal/vis/setColor yellow # R E P E A T C R Y S T A L /gate/crystal/repeaters/insert cubicArray /gate/crystal/cubicArray/setRepeatNumberX 1 /gate/crystal/cubicArray/setRepeatNumberY 8 /gate/crystal/cubicArray/setRepeatNumberZ 8 /gate/crystal/cubicArray/setRepeatVector 0. 4.4942 4.85 mm # R E P E A T BLOCK /gate/block/repeaters/insert linear /gate/block/linear/setRepeatNumber 4 /gate/block/linear/setRepeatVector 0. 0. 38.8 mm /gate/block/repeaters/insert ring /gate/block/ring/setRepeatNumber 72 # T U N G S T E N S H I E L D /gate/world/daughters/name carter /gate/world/daughters/insert cylinder /gate/carter/setMaterial Air /gate/carter/geometry/setRmax 44. cm /gate/carter/geometry/setRmin 28. cm /gate/carter/geometry/setHeight 9. cm /gate/carter/placement/setTranslation 0.0 0.0 12.5 cm /gate/carter/vis/forceWireframe /gate/carter/daughters/name carter1 /gate/carter/daughters/insert cylinder /gate/carter1/setMaterial Tungsten /gate/carter1/geometry/setRmax 30.0 cm /gate/carter1/geometry/setRmin 29.0 cm /gate/carter1/geometry/setHeight 3.0 cm /gate/carter1/vis/setColor grey /gate/carter1/placement/setTranslation 0.0 0.0 -3 cm /gate/carter/daughters/name carter2 /gate/carter/daughters/insert cylinder /gate/carter2/setMaterial Tungsten /gate/carter2/geometry/setRmax 40.7 cm /gate/carter2/geometry/setRmin 30.0 cm /gate/carter2/geometry/setHeight 1.0 cm /gate/carter2/vis/setColor grey /gate/carter2/placement/setTranslation 0.0 0.0 -2 cm /gate/carter/daughters/name carter3 /gate/carter/daughters/insert cylinder /gate/carter3/setMaterial Tungsten /gate/carter3/geometry/setRmax 40.7 cm /gate/carter3/geometry/setRmin 39.7 cm /gate/carter3/geometry/setHeight 3.0 cm /gate/carter3/vis/setColor grey /gate/carter3/placement/setTranslation 0.0 0.0 0 cm /gate/carter/daughters/name carter4 /gate/carter/daughters/insert cylinder /gate/carter4/setMaterial Tungsten /gate/carter4/geometry/setRmax 43.7 cm /gate/carter4/geometry/setRmin 40.7 cm /gate/carter4/geometry/setHeight 1.0 cm /gate/carter4/vis/setColor grey /gate/carter4/placement/setTranslation 0.0 0.0 1 cm # A T T A C H S Y S T E M /gate/systems/ecat/block/attach block /gate/systems/ecat/crystal/attach crystal # A T T A C H C R Y S T A L SD /gate/crystal/attachCrystalSD #-------------------oooooOOOOO00000OOOOOooooo---------------------# # # # D E F I N I T I O N A N D D E S C R I T I O N # # O F Y O U R P H A N T O M # # # #-------------------oooooOOOOO00000OOOOOooooo---------------------# #===================================================== # VOXEL PHANTOM #===================================================== /control/execute VoxelizedPhantom.mac #===================================================== # PHYSICS #===================================================== /gate/physics/addProcess PhotoElectric /gate/physics/processes/PhotoElectric/setModel StandardModel /gate/physics/addProcess Compton /gate/physics/processes/Compton/setModel StandardModel /gate/physics/addProcess RayleighScattering /gate/physics/processes/RayleighScattering/setModel PenelopeModel /gate/physics/addProcess ElectronIonisation /gate/physics/processes/ElectronIonisation/setModel StandardModel e- /gate/physics/processes/ElectronIonisation/setModel StandardModel e+ /gate/physics/addProcess Bremsstrahlung /gate/physics/processes/Bremsstrahlung/setModel StandardModel e- /gate/physics/processes/Bremsstrahlung/setModel StandardModel e+ /gate/physics/addProcess PositronAnnihilation /gate/physics/addProcess MultipleScattering e+ /gate/physics/addProcess MultipleScattering e- /gate/physics/processList Enabled /gate/physics/processList Initialized #===================================================== # CUTS #===================================================== /gate/physics/Gamma/SetCutInRegion crystal 1.0 cm /gate/physics/Electron/SetCutInRegion crystal 1.0 cm /gate/physics/Positron/SetCutInRegion crystal 1.0 cm /gate/physics/Gamma/SetCutInRegion hof_brain 0.1 mm /gate/physics/Electron/SetCutInRegion hof_brain 0.1 mm /gate/physics/Positron/SetCutInRegion hof_brain 0.1 mm /gate/physics/SetMaxStepSizeInRegion hof_brain 0.01 mm #===================================================== # INITIALISATION #===================================================== /gate/run/initialize #-------------------oooooOOOOO00000OOOOOooooo---------------------# # # # D E F I N I T I O N O F Y O U R A C Q U I S I T I O N # # D I G I T I Z E R & C O I N C I D E N C E S H O R T E R # # # #-------------------oooooOOOOO00000OOOOOooooo---------------------# # A D D E R /gate/digitizer/Singles/insert adder # R E A D O U T /gate/digitizer/Singles/insert readout /gate/digitizer/Singles/readout/setDepth 1 # E N E R G Y B L U R R I N G /gate/digitizer/Singles/insert blurring /gate/digitizer/Singles/blurring/setResolution 0.26 /gate/digitizer/Singles/blurring/setEnergyOfReference 511. keV # E N E R G Y C U T /gate/digitizer/Singles/insert thresholder /gate/digitizer/Singles/thresholder/setThreshold 250. keV /gate/digitizer/Singles/insert upholder /gate/digitizer/Singles/upholder/setUphold 750. keV # D E A D T I M E /gate/digitizer/Singles/insert deadtime /gate/digitizer/Singles/deadtime/setDeadTime 3000000. ps /gate/digitizer/Singles/deadtime/setMode paralysable /gate/digitizer/Singles/deadtime/chooseDTVolume block # C O I N C I S O R T E R /gate/digitizer/Coincidences/setWindow 10. ns /gate/digitizer/Coincidences/setOffset 0. ns /gate/digitizer/Coincidences/describe /gate/digitizer/name delay /gate/digitizer/insert coincidenceSorter /gate/digitizer/delay/setWindow 10. ns /gate/digitizer/delay/setOffset 500. ns /gate/digitizer/delay/describe /gate/digitizer/name finalCoinc /gate/digitizer/insert coincidenceChain /gate/digitizer/finalCoinc/addInputName delay /gate/digitizer/finalCoinc/addInputName Coincidences /gate/digitizer/finalCoinc/usePriority true /gate/digitizer/finalCoinc/describe #-------------------oooooOOOOO00000OOOOOooooo---------------------# # # # D E F I N I T I O N O F # # Y O U R O U T P U T F I L E # # # #-------------------oooooOOOOO00000OOOOOooooo---------------------# # R A N D O M # JamesRandom Ranlux64 MersenneTwister /gate/random/setEngineName JamesRandom #/gate/random/setEngineSeed default #/gate/random/setEngineSeed auto #/gate/random/setEngineSeed 123456789 /gate/random/setEngineSeed default #/gate/random/resetEngineFrom fileName /gate/random/verbose 1 # S E T U P - R O O T F I L E /gate/output/root/disable #/gate/output/root/setFileName YourPETSimu #/gate/output/root/setRootSinglesAdderFlag 1 #/gate/output/root/setRootSinglesReadoutFlag 1 #/gate/output/root/setRootHitFlag 1 #/gate/output/root/setRootSinglesFlag 1 #/gate/output/root/setRootCoincidencesFlag 1 ################################################### # E C A T 7 O U T P U T # # W I T H N E W F U N C T I O N A L I T I E S # *-*-* according to the coincidence sorter *-*-* # # 01 J U N E 2 0 0 6 ################################################### /gate/output/sinogram/enable /gate/output/sinogram/setTangCrystalBlurring 1.8 mm /gate/output/sinogram/setAxialCrystalBlurring 1.8 mm /gate/output/sinogram/verbose 2 /gate/output/sinogram/RawOutputEnable /gate/output/sinogram/setFileName PhantomSinogram /gate/output/sinogram/StoreDelayeds /gate/output/sinogram/StoreScatters /gate/output/sinogram/setInputDataName finalCoinc /gate/output/sinogram/describe /gate/output/ecat7/enable /gate/output/ecat7/verbose 2 /gate/output/ecat7/setFileName PhantomSinogramEcat /gate/output/ecat7/describe /gate/output/ecat7/mashing 2 /gate/output/ecat7/span 9 /gate/output/ecat7/maxringdiff 22 /gate/output/ecat7/system 962 /gate/output/ecat7/IsotopeCode F-18 /gate/output/ecat7/IsotopeHalflife 6586.2 second /gate/output/ecat7/IsotopeBranchingFraction 1.0 #-------------------oooooOOOOO00000OOOOOooooo---------------------# # # # D E F I N I T I O N O F # # Y O U R V E R B O S I T Y L E V E L # # # #-------------------oooooOOOOO00000OOOOOooooo---------------------# /control/execute Verbose.mac #-------------------oooooOOOOO00000OOOOOooooo---------------------# # # # D E F I N I T I O N O F # # Y O U R S O U R C E S # VOXELIZED SOURCE # # # #-------------------oooooOOOOO00000OOOOOooooo---------------------# /control/execute VoxelizedSource.mac #/gate/source/list #-------------------oooooOOOOO00000OOOOOooooo---------------------# # # # S T A R T A C Q U I S I T I O N # # T I M E P A R A M E T E R S # # # #-------------------oooooOOOOO00000OOOOOooooo---------------------# # # EXPERIMENT # /gate/application/setTimeSlice 3600 s /gate/application/setTimeStart 0 s /gate/application/setTimeStop 3600 s # # LET'S RUN THE SIMULATION! # /gate/application/startDAQ <img alt="Inline image 1" src="cid:ii_13ca91fd043c030b">